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Design of Infant Incubator
Brávková, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this master’s thesis is design of infant incubator. The thesis concerns own design of infant incubator that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic. The infant incubator is designed in regard to modern materials and technologies.
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Airway analysis of prematurely born babies based on X-ray CT and MRI scans
Lázňovský, Jakub ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Chmelík, Jiří (advisor)
Předkládaná Diplomová práce se zabývá analýzou a tvorbou modelů dýchacích cest předčasně narozených dětí. Nejprve je položen teoretický základ v oblasti vývoje dýchacího ústrojí a tvorby modelů dýchacích cest. Poté jsou představeny využité zobrazovací modality a popsány metody pro práci s obrazovými daty. Praktická část práce se zabývá vytvořením modelů dýchacích cest tří novorozenců. Všechny tyto modely jsou vytvořeny na základě klinických CT a MRI dat novorozenců narozených ve 30. týdnu gestačního věku. U těchto vytvořených modelů jsou dále analyzovány vybrané parametry související s anatomickou strukturou dýchacích cest. Na základě analýzy těchto parametrů byl následně navrhnut reprezentativní model, odpovídající dýchacím cestám novorozence daného gestačního věku.
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Nursing care for newborns with oxygen therapy
Dubská, Aneta ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Sedlářová, Petra (referee)
The present thesis focuses on the nursing care of newborns with oxygenotherapy and its specifics. Furthermore, the thesis includes a review analysis of the respondents' knowledge related to oxygenotherapy in newborns. This thesis consists of two main parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the principles of oxygen administration, methods of administration, the most common conditions requiring oxygen therapy and its complications. The basic knowledge in neonatology is often crucial for obtaining this information, which is highlighted in this thesis. Also, basic nursing care of neonates with oxygen therapy is briefly characterized. The aim of the empirical part of the thesis is to compare the obtained knowledge analysis of the nurses of the selected specialist units, namely the neonatal unit and the delivery room. The research method of the empirical part of this thesis was a quantitative research survey, focused on the knowledge of paediatric nurses, midwives and nurses of other job classifications working in neonatal wards or delivery rooms. The 21-item questionnaire was designed for this thesis only and was administered anonymously. The results of the survey showed that the knowledge of paediatric nurses and midwives in caring for neonates with oxygen therapy...
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Design of a Transport Neonatal Incubator
Balajová, Andrea ; Rajlich, Jan (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The number of premature babies is increasing every year. Also the occurrence of diseases and especially their recognition after birth. Therefore, the need for newborn transport also increases every year. For this transport, a transport newborn incubator placed on a stretcher is used. However, these devices have not changed functionally or in appearance for many years. Typical representatives on the market are visually very similar and outdated. The solution is therefore the design of a new transport incubator, which would address the entire transport unit as a whole, including additional equipment and aids. However, it must take into account the safety of the patient as well as the health workers, the efficiency of their work and ergonomics. Work therefore comes with a new and modern integrated solution, attractive to the market, which increases the safety of users and supports the ergonomics of work.
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Palliative care in neonatology from a nursing perspective
PAJTLOVÁ, Caroline
The aim of the research diploma thesis was to find out about the system of children's palliative care with a focus on the neonatal period and to compare the opinions of health professionals on the system of palliative care in neonatology. The aim of the research part was also to evaluate the readiness of nursing professions to cooperate with the public in the field of care for premature newborns at the end of life. The theoretical part presents current knowledge in the field of perinatal palliative care. Furthermore, the theoretical part maps the current knowledge about the possibilities of support and further education of health professionals and defines the possibilities of saying goodbye to the child after perinatal loss. The empirical part presents the results of a qualitative research survey using standardized in-depth individual interviews with neonatal nurses in five perinatology centers in the Czech Republic.
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Birth Injuries in Neonatology.
ŠKVOROVÁ, Adéla
Current status: Mechanical damage to the newborn during childbirth can cause traumatic injuries. These may be visible immediately after delivery or within hours or days thereafter (Dort et al., 2013). Several risk factors or improperly managed childbirth can contribute to birth injuries, the most common at present including fractures of the collarbone and bleeding under the periosteum or paresis (Huml et al., 2013). Many injuries do not have permanent consequences, however, in such cases, multidisciplinary expert care is required. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and types of birth injuries in full-term newborns in a selected maternity hospital, to map their risk factors and consequences, to evaluate the frequency of increased bilirubin in the body in full-term newborns with cephalhematomas, and last but not least, to describe the nursing process in full-term newborns with a selected birth injury. Methodology: In the empirical part of this work, a mixed design combining quantitative and qualitative research was used. Selection of the research set was intentional, where in the quantitative part of the study 1733 full-term newborns delivered in a selected Prague maternity hospital in the period 1 January 2019 to 1 July 2019 were included. The research sample for the qualitative part of the study consisted of 10 nurses working in a selected maternity ward. The size of the research sample was given by theoretical saturation of the data. Results: Out of the total number of 1733 newborns, 280 newborns with birth injuries were delivered (16.2%). The most common injuries included obstetric tumors (12.2%), cephalhematoma (2.9%) and clavicle fractures (0.6%). Statistically significant risk factors increasing the likelihood of birth injuries involved prolonged labour (p < 0.001), shoulder dystocia (p = 0.045), irregular fetal position (p < 0.001), use of forceps (p= 0.005), and vacuum extraction (p < 0.001). Conclusion and use for practice: Based on the results, educational material was created for parents of newborns with birth injuries - a collarbone fracture.
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Health literacy of mothers with premature infant
Vencová, Barbora ; Ivanová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (referee)
Health literacy represents the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health, according to WHO. Common health literacy level may be sufficient in the case of smooth pregnancy and natural childbirth. However, if there are some health problems, it is necessary to support an increase in health literacy level of mothers. Main objective of this thesis is to describe the objective health literacy level of mothers with premature baby and to identify areas that are for these mothers most problematic. The theoretical part deals with demographic data related to premature births, the basic definition of prematurity, an essential characteristic of neonatology and organization of care, premature baby, the most common medical complications and prognosis. Defines and operationalizes health literacy of mothers with premature baby. Research used a qualitative methodology. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Respondents for interview were physicians who care for preterm infants. The selection of respondents was conducted using the snowball sampling to facilitate data analysis, were interviews transcribed and then analyzed using the cluster analysis. Results were...
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Development of communication abilities in premature infants
Svobodová, Barbora ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The presented thesis deals with the topic of development of communication abilities in preterm infants from the perspective of special education. The thesis is for clarity divided into several parts. In the first part of the text the issue of incidence of premature births in the Czech Republic is discussed, following subsections are devoted to the definition and distribution of characteristics bonding with immaturity of child and approach selected health problems associated with postpartum adaptation and subsequent psychomotor development of child. The following chapter which analyzes the system of care for premature newborns in the Czech Republic focuses on two forms of care, acute care and followed-up. Next part has been devoted to issue of premature infants from logopedical perspective and describes the physiological process of development of communication abilities of child and based on current knowledge, especially foreign research, analyzes the peculiarities of speech development of preterm infants. The last and key part of the work, based on case studies, analyzes the specifics of development of communication abilities of four originally extremely and very preterm children of multiple pregnancies in the background of the their overall psychomotor development. KEYWORDS premature infant,...
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.Impaired Communication Ability in Premature Infants
Mikulášková, Eva ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Korandová, Zuzana (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with the topic of impaired communication skills in premature infants. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part consists of three main chapters devoted to the development of children's speech, premature babies and care for premature babies. The first chapter describes speech and language, the ontogenetic development of speech, language levels in the ontogenesis of speech and impairment of communication skills in childhood. The second chapter defines a premature baby and discusses the most common postpartum complications. The third chapter is devoted to the care of premature babies in the Czech Republic, describes the logopaedic care regarding such children and their prognosis. The practical part is based on the methods of qualitative research. A triangulation of research methods was chosen - document analysis, observation and interview. The main goal was to describe how impaired communication skills are manifested in premature infants. The partial goal was to find out what postpartum complications occur in premature infants. To achieve the goals of the research, five research questions were formulated. Five respondents were included in the survey, namely four boys and one girl. Based on the obtained data, case studies of individual...
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Creation Of Prematurely Born Infant Airways Model Based On X-Ray Ct And Mri Scans
Lázňovský, Jakub
Proposed contribution deals with the creation of infants’ airway model, based on available clinical MRI and CT scans of newborns. For this purpose, an algorithm which extracts the airway geometry was developed. Resulting geometry is consequently transformed to the airway model in stereolithography format, suitable for further analysis. The algorithm was tested on the data which correspond to an infant born in 30 weeks of gestation and scanned 14 days after birth. Thus, the model corresponds to the 32 weeks old infant.
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